Refrigerant and Signs of Refrigerant Issues Explained
Refrigerant is the key to smooth-running and efficient cooling systems. However, when refrigerant levels are too high or too low, issues can occur, and AC repair will be needed. This guide will discuss what refrigerant does, warning signs of refrigerant problems, and ways to help prevent them.
How Refrigerant Works in an Air Conditioning System
Refrigerant serves as the essential heat transfer fluid that makes air conditioning possible by continuously absorbing and releasing thermal energy throughout the cooling system. This specialized chemical compound changes between liquid and gas states as it circulates through four main components: the evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve. The refrigerant's unique properties allow it to absorb heat at low temperatures and release it at higher temperatures.
The cooling process begins when warm indoor air passes over the evaporator coils, where liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and transforms into a low-pressure gas. This heat absorption process effectively removes warmth from the home. The gaseous refrigerant then travels to the compressor, which pressurizes it and raises its temperature significantly.
Next, the hot, high-pressure refrigerant gas moves to the outdoor condenser unit where it releases the absorbed heat to the outside air and condenses back into a liquid state. The liquid refrigerant then passes through the expansion valve, where its pressure and temperature are reduced before it returns to the evaporator to repeat the cycle.
Signs of a Refrigerant Leak or Overcharged Refrigerant
Refrigerant problems can manifest through several warning signs that homeowners often mistake for other AC issues. An air conditioner depends on precise refrigerant levels to function properly. When these levels drop due to a refrigerant leak or rise from overcharging, the system sends clear distress signals that shouldn't be ignored.
An obvious indicator of a refrigerant leak is warm air flowing from the air vents or other issues cooling the home when the air conditioning is on. Additionally, homeowners might notice a frozen evaporator coil, which seems counterintuitive but occurs when low refrigerant levels disrupt the heat absorption process. Unusual hissing or bubbling sounds near the outdoor unit often indicate refrigerant escaping through small cracks or loose connections. Another sign of low refrigerant levels is high energy bills due to inefficient performance.
However, some of these same symptoms can also signal an overcharged system. Too much refrigerant creates excessive pressure, resulting in similar cooling inefficiencies, high cooling costs, and issues with maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature. Both scenarios typically result in skyrocketing electric bills as the AC works overtime to maintain desired temperatures.
How to Avoid Refrigerant Issues
Preventing refrigerant problems starts with professional handling during every refill and maintenance visit. HVAC technicians have the precise equipment and expertise needed to avoid overcharging the system, which can damage compressors and reduce cooling efficiency. DIY refrigerant additions often lead to costly mistakes and overcharging. Professional refills ensure optimal performance and equipment longevity.
Furthermore, scheduling routine air conditioner maintenance can help avoid refrigerant leaks and system failures. During these comprehensive inspections, technicians thoroughly clean evaporator and condenser coils, removing debris that can cause corrosion and eventual refrigerant leaks. They also measure refrigerant levels using specialized gauges, detecting minor issues before they become more expensive repairs.
About Swick Home Services
Swick Home Services is a plumbing, heating, and air conditioning company with more than 40 years of experience serving Marquette and the surrounding areas. They provide 24/7 support, a price match guarantee, and a beneficial maintenance plan. Call them for air conditioner repair services in Marquette, MI.
